1. History of Vietnamese bamboo and rattan products
Vietnamese handicrafts existed thousands of years ago. Associated with many traditional craft villages, the export of handicrafts is also grown from very early. At that time, the products only included pottery, furniture, rattan, silk ...For centuries, the traditional craft villages have undergone many ups and downs, some villages in the lurch. There are also a number of new craft villages that have emerged and developed. Currently, there are 52 in the country craft groups with 1451 craft villages over 100 years with products that have long been available famous as brocade (Mong - Lao Cai), wood carving (Bac Ninh)...
Bamboo and rattan crafting was formed in the late 19th century. Over 100 years of existence and development with many ups and downs, bamboo and rattan are still getting more and more prosperity, the life of the people in the craft village has been gradually improved by the traditional jobs. Rattan and bamboo are one of the handicrafts fine arts are being restored and thrived in Vietnam. It is one of three items that have large export value rattan, bamboo, rush, ceramics.
Undergone a long development bamboo and rattan products have been increasingly improved in quality, colors... with many creative and unique designs. Especially when the lacquer technology has been applied in this profession, a large number of excellent products are created. That is why these products are very popular among consumers today, even many products have become "hot trends" and are used in international competitions.
Up to now, the craft of making bamboo and rattan has become one of the handicrafts that bring high value to business activities, export to countries such as Japan, Korea, Russia ... Vietnam's economy is getting stronger and stronger. In addition, this profession also creates many job opportunities with attractive income for workers in the provinces across the country, largely resolving unemployment in Vietnam in recent years.
2. Manufacturing process
2.1: Selecting necessary materials
To create the best quality bamboo and rattan products to meet the demand of human usages, first of all, artisans will need to prepare carefully the necessary materials. In particular, craft villages will need to import raw materials through reputable sources. Currently, there are 2 sources of raw materials for bamboo and rattan production:
Domestic raw materials mainly come from provinces and areas with forests in the northern mountainous regions such as Son La, Hoa Binh, Bac Kan, Thai Nguyen… in the Central, there are Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, Ha Tinh..., the Central Highlands, the Southeast. And when importing raw materials from these regions, rattan, bamboo... are exploited, preliminarily processed and then transported to the production facilities.
The source of raw materials imported from abroad will mainly be rattan and seagrass will supplement the shortage of domestic materials. The proportion of imported raw materials only accounts for about 10% of the total materials used in the production process. Specifically, these materials are imported mainly from Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia,...
2.2 Manufacturing process of bamboo and rattan products
The production process of bamboo and rattan industries in craft village establishments in Vietnam today has its own characteristics, but most of them comply with the following process:
Stage 1: Preliminary process of raw materials to prepare for the next stage. This phase will mainly apply techniques and technologies to process bamboo, rattan, etc …
Stage 2: Apply techniques to prepare for the stage of knitting, threading to create bamboo and rattan products. In particular, at this stage, the craftsmen will need to choose the type of bamboo, rattan, which is suitable for each type of product, right in size, with quality assurance... to be able to create good products.
Stage 3: Start performing the work of knitting, stirring raw materials of rattan, bamboo... in the raw form. And this whole stage will be done directly by the craftsmen in the family. The age of the employees working in this job today is also very diverse with many different ages and genders.
Stage 4: Finish bamboo and rattan products. The completion of products and raw products done by hand will be gathered and transferred to the production facilities for them to complete and process the remaining fibers and blinds in the product with cutlery tools, torch ... smooth products, dip glue, spray color, and dry to create the best bamboo and rattan products.
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